Fonicatec Telecommunications Integrators and Resellers

Fonicatec  SL, formed over 3 years ago, is having a bit of a makeover. As a developer and manufacturer of their own IP PBX Foncordiax Range of Telephone Switchboard Systems, Fonicatec have spoken to their clients and people in the industry to find out just exactly what people want in this current economic climate.

The general consensus is that clients, present and future, want a full system integration solution, where they can rely on the one company to supply their full telecommunications package - from start to finish. Not one to fly in the face of public choice, Fonicatec has decided to give the masses what they want, and start offering a full system integration package:

1) Telephone Switchboard Systems - The Foncordiax range if IP PBX's has a model to suit all business sizes and requirements.

 2) Line Provisioning - Fonicatec are able to order you new lines from your supplier and liaise with them on connection times to ensure you system integration runs smoothly.

3) Adsl /Sdsl Broadband - The Fonicatec site survey team will make sure you receive the best business broadband available to your area, along with every possible system fail over solution to guarantee smooth, trouble-free operation 24/7.

4) Network & Cabling - Fonicatec use only fully qualified network and cabling installers when a complete network solution is required.

5) LCR (least cost routing) - If you wish t stay with your current provider, Fonicatec can still ensure large savings on monthly calls costs through lcr.

6) Billing Platform - Fonicatec use an Asterisk based billing platform which keeps track of call spend, destination and call reports, automatic top-up etc.

7) Virtual PBX'x - Office based and virtual PBX's are both available through Fonicatec, depending on a clients requirements.

8) DID/DDI's - International geographic and non-geographic telephone numbers available from most countries worldwide.

9) Peripherals - Handsets (Grandstream), headsets, softphones, routers, conference tools etc all available and in future will be available from the Fonicatec online store.   

Yes, a start, in some ways, of a new era for Fonicatec. The website has already been given a re-jig, and the next few months will see more changes take place online. The company itself has a team of representatives around the globe as well as registered re-sellers, so wherever your business is based, Fonicatec can offer you a full telecommunications integration package

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San Diego Telecommunication Company

Standard Tel Network is a subsidiary of Brookside Technology Holdings Corp., and they are very particular about customer relationship and shoulder the entire responsibility of performing the job. They provide and execute the telecommunication system effectively on any business organization. This provides the Telefficiency of the business house thereby increasing the productivity and facilitating communication. This organization incepted on 1979 by high level of professionals who foresaw the deficiency in marketing promotions. They have provided superior service and efficient customer service. It is their supremacy and until date, they are undisputable. They are presently catering to people and organizations in Orange County, Sacramento, San Francisco, Los Angeles and many others. This affiliate is a subsidiary of Brookside Technology Holdings Corp. and employs many hardcore professionals. They have more adequate professional to meet the demand of complaints and service to equipments installed. They are conversant with the system and provide adequate solutions to the people and organizations. They are skilled and professional telecommunication people who serve with dedication and expertise. Their prime intention is customer satisfaction and commitment to the work. The guarantees and warranties genuinely considered with their customer service portfolio. Mitel in North America has recognized them as diamond level dealer. The sales and technical support they provide is at par with no one. Their service is available in California and runs throughout USA. With the assistance of Brookside technology, they do not believe in providing phone systems only. They implement the best available technology and affiliated services to render the total satisfaction with less initiative. This culminates on profit to the company and enhances the employee efficiency for better productivity. They understand the goal and objectives of the organization through assessment and the impact that will be conducive to the organization. The customer care and its support to the technology is taken care of keeping in view the costing, economy and efficiency. They provide the superior technology on communications with reasonable warranty and guarantee along with perfect customer support on services. They do not have the traditional form of leasing or other vague options that binds a company with them. Their intention relies on replacement of old technology with the recent developed technology. However, on urgent basis they reach the site in couple of hours to negotiate and solve the problem. They provide discount unless they reach in the stipulated time. Moreover, they provide guarantee for the equipments they provide and replace with the initial cost without any increase in the price.

To avail the facility of Orange County Telecom and to know more about Orange county telecommunications company visit us at standardtelnetworks.com

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Bandwidth Management in the Corporate Sector

Bandwidth is a term closely related to data and speed. Each computer has an allocated amount of bandwidth which determines the amount of data to be downloaded per second or transferred to the computer from the internet. More bandwidth relates to more speed as more data can be downloaded per second. A bandwidth limit means either a speed limit or a data limit. Traffic shaping is basically the control of computer network traffic to ensure the optimization of performance, lower latency and to increase usable bandwidth by delaying certain packets that meet particular criteria. Action on a set of packets, known as stream or flow, which can impose additional amount of delay on those packets that conform to a pre decided constraint which maybe a contract or traffic profile, is also defined as traffic shaping.

This can filter the volume of traffic sent into a network in a certain time. This is known as bandwidth throttling. The maximum speed at which the traffic is sent is known as rate limiting. Even though this kind of filtering is achieved by many ways and reasons, traffic shaping is almost always achieved by delaying packets. Application of this traffic shaping is seen mostly at the edges of the network so it can control the traffic being sent into the network. This may also be applied by a computer or network card which is a traffic source. This is to ensure that the traffic sent by traffic sources complies with a contract which is usually presented in the network by a policer.

The distinct practice of packet dropping and pocket marking is known as traffic policing. Features of some traffic shapers include speed limiting for bandwidth-intensive applications and protocols, flexible address and port filtering, acknowledgement prioritization to speed up congested links and real-time traffic monitoring and stream statistics. In the corporate market, traffic shaping is becoming more and more common. This allows companies to cut down on their purchase of additional bandwidth.. Bandwidth management is to control the rate of download and upload for all the computers in a network. In internet cafes computers with bandwidth software are quite suitable because of the tight integration with the internet café software which can block traffic automatically when a user logs out.

Bandwidth management can provide a cost effective solution for the high internet costs some companies offer. This software is able to monitor the network traffic and in most cases the bandwidth limit can be set by the users as well. Bandwidth limiter software measures, analyzes and records the bandwidth and speed of an internet connection. This software is available in the market by a number of companies, and works with DSL, cable, modem, router, network card and any other internet enabled service. An immediate increase in the efficiency of the network is witnessed. Also, a reduction in bandwidth requirements is seen while the other internet applications can run at maximum speed. This software is often referred to as bandwidth limiter.

I hope this information will help. If you want to explore more about traffic shaper or bandwidth limiter software, then visit the below link, at antamediabandwidth.com you will get latest articles and information about bandwidth management software and its related technologies.

http://www.antamediabandwidth.com/
"Let Manage Your Internet???.Manage It With Antamedia" by antamedia.com

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Car Security Tips

 

Make sure your car is locked and your windows wound up.

This sounds ridiculously obvious but make sure you secure your car carefully wherever you are parked. Research shows loads of people leave their doors unlocked and/or their windows open a large proportion of the time.

 

Check all your entry points are secure – are all the doors locked, the trunk locked and the sunroof locked? If not a thief will be quick to take advantage of the opportunity.

 

Make sure your windows are wound all the way up. Even if you leave a small gap a thief can easily force it down to either access the door lock or break the window.

 

Keep your keys safe – even when you are at home.

Today with factory and after market alarms getting smarter it is becoming harder for a thief to quickly and easily hotwire your car. That has led to a surge in home break-ins purely so thieves can steal the car keys. Then they simply come back later and drive off with the car.

 

So, while you’re at home keep your keys safe. Don’t leave them in the car, in your handbag, or sitting on an entrance table or bench in the house. Secure them in a drawer or somewhere safe that is out of sight.

 

Don’t ever leave the keys in the car.

It sounds simple enough but is still a common mistake people make. Never leave your keys in the car, even if you’re only leaving the car for a few seconds. It takes even less than that for a thief to grab the opportunity and drive off with the car.

 

Here’s a few scenarios that catch people out:

 

Don’t leave your keys in the car while you pay for your petrol at the garage. This used to be the cause of a huge number of thefts and even with modern day alarms that immobilize your car (this was a big reason immobilization became important) if you leave the keys in there the alarm can’t do anything to protect your car.

 

Don’t leave your keys in the car when you’re not at home (or even when you’re at home.) If a thief breaks into your house and your car is nicely sitting there all open with the keys in the ignition you’ve just given them the best Christmas present – a way to take as much of your stuff as they can fit in the car AND the car itself.

 

Don’t go back into the house during winter while you let the car warm up. Yes, we understand it is freezing cold but thieves take advantage of this time of the year. And don’t leave the car running but lock it with the spare key – a thief is most certainly going to forgo the cost of replacing the window to smash it when they’ll have possession of your car. Put your coat, gloves and scarf on and stay with the car!

 

Be careful where you choose to park – even if you have an alarm

Always make the choice to park in a secured area whenever possible – it’s worth the extra money – both for your own personal safety as well as your car’s.

 

Another tip – take your parking ticket with you when you leave the car. That way, even if a thief gains entry into your car if they have to front up for a lost ticket they’ll be getting themselves noticed even if they do have the cash (which they probably won’t).

 

If you have to park on the street make sure you park in the most well lit, busy area possible.

 

Be particularly careful if you are attending an event such as a football match or concert because lines of cars outside an arena is a dead giveaway to thieves that you’re going to be away from your car for a set period of time. Never leave ticket or event information in the car that would indicate to a thief how long you’ll be gone.

 

And if you do have an alarm fitted it doesn’t mean you can park down a dark alley on a deserted street in the middle of nowhere and expect your car to still be there when you get back. All an alarm can do is make a noise if a thief attacks it – which still means someone needs to be there to hear it. And while an alarm will slow a thief down, given time and isolation they’ll either take the car, tow it, or strip all the good bits off.

 

And if you don’t have a garage make sure you park with awareness at home – whenever possible park off the road and under a porch or house light that is left on (or comes on when movement is triggered.) If you have a high risk car try and park it closer to the house than a less valuable vehicle – that way a thief will have to try and get the other cars out of the driveway first if he wants the one closest to the house.

 

Some alarms today have a programmable feature that will turn the interior light of the car on when the alarm is disarmed – that way you can check that the cabin of the car is safe before nearing the vehicle. Ask your alarm retailer about what models are available that will do this.

 

Don’t leave ANYTHING visible in the car – even with an alarm

So many more cars are broken into rather than stolen (especially with the good factory and after market immobilizer alarms available now) and that’s because people continue to leave items in the car. Simply DO NOT leave ANYTHING visible in the car.

 

If you leave your radar detector attached to the windscreen, your cellphone in the front console, or your handbag on the seat then do not expect sympathy when it gets stolen. An alarm will not, ever, protect from a smash and grab. It takes a thief 5 seconds to smash the glass, grab the item, and be around the corner. Even with your alarm sounding he’s gone.

 

And it’s not just valuable items – don’t leave empty gearbags, shoeboxes, shopping bags or anything in the vehicle. If your stereo has a removable faceplate get yourself into the habit of taking it off every time you leave the car. If a thief sees there might be something in there chances are he’ll take the risk and leave you with the cost and hassle of replacing window glass and door locks.

 

 

If you have a garage – use it and secure it. If you have a garage to park in, that’s great. But make sure you’re following all the other steps:
Lock the car and arm the alarm if you have one, even when you’re at home.
Never leave the keys in the car, even when you’re at home.
Keep the keys in a safe, hidden place, even when you’re at home.
Keep the garage locked and secure.
If you have an electric garage door it can be a good idea to remove the emergency pull handle and hide it away. Thieves will often use a coat hanger contraption to pull this and open the garage.

 

 

 

Fit an alarm with immobilizers.

Today there are so many excellent alarms on the market that will give you loads of handy features (such as central locking from the remote) as well as protecting the car. Always choose an alarm with a minimum of a single immobilizer so the car cannot be started until the alarm is disarmed via the remote.

 

If you already have an alarm and want to try fitting it yourself you can download our How to Install Your Car Alarm ebook for only $19.95 by visiting www.carsecuritytips.com.

 

Be aware of what might tempt a thief and secure it.

You can add all sorts of additional security features to alarms today including GPS tracking, pager systems and additional sensors and sirens.

 

And don’t forget the easy stuff. If you have wheels fit a tilt sensor and get a set of lock nuts. Get a steering wheel lock as well as an alarm – it gives the thief a clear visual warning that there are security measures in place.

 

Make your car look protected.

A huge part of the job an alarm does is to give a visual warning to a thief that the car has security measures. Make sure you put the alarm warning stickers on the window and the LED warning light in the dash is fitted. (And if you don’t want to get an alarm you can buy these little extras separately.)

Use a steering wheel lock. Don’t leave anything visible in the car. Take your stereo plate with you. Have your vehicle rego number or the VIN number etched onto the windows. Mark your stereo and anything else in the vehicle with the number as well.

None of these measures on their own will protect your car if a thief takes a shine to it. But if they’re just strolling along a line of cars looking for a bit of fun or something to sell if your car looks secure and empty they’re much more likely to go to the next one and leave yours alone.

 

Don’t register your car to your home address.

In many countries car registration details are easily accessed by the public. If a thief likes the look of your car all they have to do is take the registration number, find out where you live and come shopping. This I especially important if you a female living alone. Don’t make it easy for the freaks to find you!

 

Don’t leave your keys in an obvious place.

Do you walk in the front door and throw your keys on the side table? Alarms and immobilizers are so good now thieves will often break into your house to get the keys and remote rather than try to bypass the system. Don’t leave them somewhere they can be spotted from outside or where someone can open a door or window and grab them.

 

Look after spare remotes.

Rolling code remotes will get out of sequence if the button is pushed too many times while out o range of the car. Make sure spare remotes are not in a draw full of junk where the button can be held down or it may not work when you need it.

 

Lost your remote? Delete it!

If you have lost a remote of had it stolen make sure you delete it from the alarms memory otherwise anyone can use it to access your car. If you don’t know how take the car to your local installer.

 

Always have a spare remote.

Some alarm system will not let you easily learn a new remote in with a working remote. It may have to be sent back to the manufacturer to be reset and a remote learnt in which will not only be expensive but you may be without your alarm for up to a week. If you lose a remote replace it immediately.

 

Bought a used car with an alarm in it? Get it checked and serviced.

If you buy a car with an alarm already fitted there are several things to be aware of:

1.         Did you receive all keys, remotes and override keys? If not the old owner can access your car anytime they want.

2.         Book the car in with your local dealer/installer for the type of alarm in the car. Have them check everything is working, delete all old remotes (and add a spare if you don’t have one) and reset the PIN override code so you know you’ll be secure. Make sure you have override keys for the battery backup siren if fitted.

 

Factory remotes and immobiliser keys.

Most late model cars come with a transponder immobilizer built into the key. This I like an electronic pass key which confirms the key is valid before allowing the car to so start. These are great as they make it much harder to copy a key and steal the car as even a key cut the same will not start the car unless a new transponder is learned into the system. The are however some points to be aware of:

Some make have a master and slave keys for each car. If you lose the slave key, no problem just take the car and master key into your dealer and have a new key learns in for a couple of hundred bucks. If however you lose the master key you will sometimes need to replace the cars computer, think thousands of $$$$$. Read your manual or check with your dealer as it is not widely publicized.

 

Smash resistant window film.

Alarms can only do so much. These days you need to make the car more difficult to access through it’s weakest point –the side glass. Clear or tinted security film (not normal tint film) is applied to the inside of the side glass and cover right to the edge of the glass. Security film is a multi layered, up to several millimetres thick, cross laminated product specifically designed to resist impacts.

 

The film works by creating a thick shell on the inside of the glass. When an intruder smashes the glass the concaved shape of the cars side window held together by the film creates an arch shape than is very strong. The shattered pieces of glass cannot be compressed so the window retains it’s shape.

 

This type of product is great for resisting a car thief but also protects you in a road range or car jacking attempt and even reduces flying glass in the event of an accident. A great compliment to a good car alarm system.

 

Fit after market dead locks.

Much the same as the security film above, dead locks are a great compliment to a good alarm system. The idea is once activated the locks cannot be unlocked from the inside of the car or by forcing the key barrel. Some cars come standard now with deadlocking, if yours does make sure you know how to activate it.

 

After market deadlocks will usually replace the lock barrel in the door. The dead lock barrel has a high security rounded key to prevent the lock being forced and the backing plate is much stronger meaning the lock can’t be pulled out. We always recommend using epoxy to secure the backing plate to the inside of the door. That way it will not come out!

 

If a thief breaks a window they will not be able to unlock the door to gain easy access. Making by passing the alarm system or hotwiring you car even harder.

 

Tips and tricks for the more serious:

 

The more serious you get about car security and car alarms you will often be trading convenience for security. Some of these tricks can cause some inconvenience if something goes wrong (like you lose a remote or the battery goes flat) but all will help keep your car safe.

 

Fit two hood switches. –Low Risk

Fitting two hood switches makes it harder for a thief to use a credit card to hold down the hood switch or cut the switch wires. Some cars can be pretty easy to get under the hood by removing the front grill or a side light and pulling the release cable. Once they are under there they can disable the siren before entering the cabin.

 

Move hood release lever. –Low Risk

Another hood trick is to move the hood release lever from it’s normal location so if some one breaks in they can’t easily pop the hood to disable the siren.

 

Remove door lock rods. –High Risk of lock out

By removing the linkage between the key barrel on the door and the latch you take away one of the cars security weaknesses. Lock barrels are an easy access point to the car as a screw driver forced into the lock and twisted will often unlock the door.

 

As you will be relying on the car alarm to lock and unlock the door it is VERY important you take some safety precautions to avoid being locked out.

 

First, make sure you always have a spare remote for your alarm in case you lose one. If the remote starts playing up at all, replace it immediately.

 

Second, ensure there is another way into the vehicle, maybe you can open the trunk and fold the seat back from inside the trunk?  Remember a thief can also use this access method so think carefully about how obvious it is. Or run an emergency power wire from the battery to somewhere you can access it from outside. If your battery goes flat and the alarm cannot unlock the door you won’t be able to get under the hood to jump the battery. With an emergency wire you can hook another battery up to give enough juice to unlock the car.

 

A further step with this trick is to completely remove the lock barrel and have the hole welded up and repainted. Gives a super smooth look!

 

Fit latch protection plates –High risk of lock out

To remove yet another weakness in some door lock systems make up a cover to stop a "slim jim" being slipped down the inside of the door popping the latch.

 

If you take off the interior door panel you will see how easy it is to pop the lock mechanism on the door latch, unlocking the door. By making up a protection plate covering the latch from the top the car thief won’t be able to slim jim the lock. Just remember, if you lose your keys or remote or get a flat battery the AAA won’t be able to either!

 

Mike Stewart has been in the car security industry for over 12 years owning several very successful alarm companies and employing many alarm installers over the years. His web site www.carsecuritytips.com and ebook How To Install Your Own Car Alarm are designed to help the beginner learn all the tricks and secrets professional car alarm installers have known for years.

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Wireless LAN security

Concerns

Anyone within the geographical network range of an open, unencrypted wireless network can 'sniff' or record the traffic, gain unauthorized access to internal network resources as well as to the internet, and then possibly sending spam or doing other illegal actions using the wireless network's IP address, all of which are rare for home routers but may be significant concerns for office networks.

If router security is not activated or if the owner deactivates it for convenience, it creates a free hotspot. Since most 21st century laptop PCs have wireless networking built in (cf. Intel 'Centrino' technology), they don't need a third-party adapter such as a PCMCIA Card or USB dongle. Built in wireless networking might be enabled by default, without the owner realizing it, thus broadcasting the laptop's accessibility to any computer nearby.

Modern operating systems such as Mac OS, or Microsoft Windows make it fairly easy to set up a PC as a wireless LAN 'base station' using Internet Connection Sharing, thus allowing all the PCs in the home to access the Internet via the 'base' PC. However, lack of knowledge about the security issues in setting up such systems often means that someone nearby may also use the connection. Such "piggybacking" is usually achieved without the wireless network operators knowledge; it may even be without the knowledge of the intruding user if their computer automatically selects a nearby unsecured wireless network to use as an access point.

Security options

There are three principal ways to secure a wireless network.

For closed networks (like home users and organizations) the most common way is to configure access restrictions in the access points. Those restrictions may include encryption and checks on MAC address. Another option is to disable ESSID broadcasting, making the access point difficult for outsiders to detect. Wireless Intrusion Prevention Systems can be used to provide wireless LAN security in this network model.

For commercial providers, hotspots, and large organizations, the preferred solution is often to have an open and unencrypted, but completely isolated wireless network. The users will at first have no access to the Internet nor to any local network resources. Commercial providers usually forward all web traffic to a captive portal which provides for payment and/or authorization. Another solution is to require the users to connect securely to a privileged network using VPN.

Wireless networks are less secure than wired ones; in many offices intruders can easily visit and hook up their own computer to the wired network without problems, gaining access to the network, and it's also often possible for remote intruders to gain access to the network through backdoors like Back Orifice. One general solution may be end-to-end encryption, with independent authentication on all resources that shouldn't be available to the public.

Access Control at the Access Point level

One of the simplest techniques is to only allow access from known, approved MAC addresses. However, this approach gives no security against sniffing, and client devices can easily spoof MAC addresses, leading to the need for more advanced security measures.

Another very simple technique is to have a secret ESSID (id/name of the wireless network), though anyone who studies the method will be able to sniff the ESSID.

Today all (or almost all) access points incorporate Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) encryption and most wireless routers are sold with WEP turned on. However, security analysts have criticized WEP's inadequacies, and the U.S. FBI has demonstrated the ability to break WEP protection in only three minutes using tools available to the general public (see aircrack).

The Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA and WPA2) security protocols were later created to address these problems. If a weak password, such as a dictionary word or short character string is used, WPA and WPA2 can be cracked. Using a long enough random password (e.g. 14 random letters) or passphrase (e.g. 5 randomly chosen words) makes pre-shared key WPA virtually uncrackable. The second generation of the WPA security protocol (WPA2) is based on the final IEEE 802.11i amendment to the 802.11 standard and is eligible for FIPS 140-2 compliance. With all those encryption schemes, any client in the network that knows the keys can read all the traffic.

Restricted access networks

Solutions include a newer system for authentication, IEEE 802.1x, that promises to enhance security on both wired and wireless networks. Wireless access points that incorporate technologies like these often also have routers built in, thus becoming wireless gateways.

End-to-End encryption

One can argue that both layer 2 and layer 3 encryption methods are not good enough for protecting valuable data like passwords and personal emails. Those technologies add encryption only to parts of the communication path, still allowing people to spy on the traffic if they have gained access to the wired network somehow. The solution may be encryption and authorization in the application layer, using technologies like SSL, SSH, GnuPG, PGP and similar.

The disadvantage with the end to end method is, it may fail to cover all traffic. With encryption on the router level or VPN, a single switch encrypts all traffic, even UDP and DNS lookups. With end-to-end encryption on the other hand, each service to be secured must have its encryption "turned on," and often every connection must also be "turned on" separately. For sending emails, every recipient must support the encryption method, and must exchange keys correctly. For Web, not all web sites offer https, and even if they do, the browser sends out IP addresses in clear text.

The most prized resource is often access to Internet. An office LAN owner seeking to restrict such access will face the non trivial enforcement task of having each user authenticate himself for the router.

Open Access Points

Today, there is almost full wireless network coverage in many urban areas - the infrastructure for the wireless community network (which some consider to be the future of the internet) is already in place. One could roam around and always be connected to Internet if the nodes were open to the public, but due to security concerns, most nodes are encrypted and the users don't know how to disable encryption. Many people consider it proper etiquette to leave access points open to the public, allowing free access to Internet. Others think the default encryption provides substantial protection at small inconvenience, against dangers of open access that they fear may be substantial even on a home DSL router.

The density of access points can even be a problem - there are a limited number of channels available, and they partly overlap. Each channel can handle multiple networks, but places with many private wireless networks (for example, apartment complexes), the limited number of Wi-Fi radio channels might cause slowness and other problems.

According to the advocates of Open Access Points, it shouldn't involve any significant risks to open up wireless networks for the public:

The wireless network is after all confined to a small geographical area. A computer connected to the Internet and having improper configurations or other security problems can be exploited by anyone from anywhere in the world, while only clients in a small geographical range can exploit an open wireless access point. Thus the exposure is low with an open wireless access point, and the risks with having an open wireless network are small. However, one should be aware that an open wireless router will give access to the local network, often including access to file shares and printers.

The only way to keep communication truly secure is to use end-to-end encryption. For example, when accessing an internet bank, one would almost always use strong encryption from the web browser and all the way to the bank - thus it shouldn't be risky to do banking over an unencrypted wireless network. The argument is that anyone can sniff the traffic applies to wired networks too, where system administrators and possible crackers have access to the links and can read the traffic. Also, anyone knowing the keys for an encrypted wireless network can gain access to the data being transferred over the network.

If services like file shares, access to printers etc. are available on the local net, it is advisable to have authentication (i.e. by password) for accessing it (one should never assume that the private network is not accessible from the outside). Correctly set up, it should be safe to allow access to the local network to outsiders.

With the most popular encryption algorithms today, a sniffer will usually be able to compute the network key in a few minutes.

It is very common to pay a fixed monthly fee for the Internet connection, and not for the traffic - thus extra traffic will not hurt.

Where Internet connections are plentiful and cheap, freeloaders will seldom be a prominent nuisance.

On the other hand, in some countries including Germany , persons providing an open access point may be made (partially) liable for any illegal activity conduced via this access point.

Related publications

Wi-Foo: The Secrets of Wireless Hacking (2004) - ISBN 978-0321202178

Real 802.11 Security: Wi-Fi Protected Access and 802.11i (2003) - ISBN 978-0321136206

See also

Hotspot

802.1x

MAC filtering

Wi-Fi Protected Setup

Wireless access point

Wireless LAN

Wireless intrusion prevention system

Wireless security

Legality of piggybacking

References

^ http://netzpolitik.org/2006/offene-netzwerke-auch-fuer-deutschland/

External links

Wireless Vulnerabilities and Exploits

CASEScontact.org tip - securing your notebook for Internet access via public hotspot - with free tools consumer advice by CASEScontact.org

Setup a Secured WiFi Network

Securing Wireless Network

Categories: Wireless networking | Computer network securityHidden categories: Articles that may contain original research from December 2007 | All articles that may contain original research | Articles to be merged from October 2008 | All articles to be merged | Wikipedia articles needing style editing from August 2008 | All articles needing style editing

I am a professional writer from China Manufacturers, which contains a great deal of information about sandisk extreme cf card , 128mb compact flash, welcome to visit!

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Meanings of Frequently Used Terms on the Internet

Copyright (c) 2010 Ivana Katz

If you've been on the internet for a while, you've no doubt come across new words, whose meaning may have baffled you. It's difficult to keep up with the latest computer and internet lingo, but here are a few of the new commonly used terms on the internet today.

Affiliate Program
This is a program where a person (an affiliate) is paid a commission to advertise a particular product, service or web site. The affiliate is given a special link to refer customers to the target web site. The company pays commission based on hits and/or sales from these links. The amount of commission paid varies. Most programs pay for sales; some programs pay for clicks on their site. Some programs even pay for finding new affiliates.

Avatar
An icon or graphic that represents you on message boards, chat rooms, IM programs, 3-D chat rooms and virtual worlds. Your avatar can be whatever you want it to be. There are graphic elements, animals, cartoons and pictures used as avatars on the Internet.

Blog
A blog is a Web site, usually maintained by an individual, with regular entries of commentary, descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or video. Entries are commonly displayed in reverse - chronological order.

Many blogs provide commentary or news on a particular subject; others function as more personal online diaries. A typical blog combines text, images, and links to other blogs, Web pages, and other media related to its topic. The ability for readers to leave comments in an interactive format is an important part of many blogs. Most blogs are primarily textual, although some focus on art (artlog), photographs (photoblog), sketches (sketchblog), videos (vlog), music (MP3 blog), audio (podcasting), which are part of a wider network of social media. As of December 2007, blog search engine Technorati was tracking more than 112 million blogs.[2] With the advent of video blogging, the word blog has taken on an even looser meaning - that of any bit of media wherein the subject expresses his opinion or simply talks about something.

Breadcrumb
A breadcrumb or breadcrumb trail is the part of the navigation that shows you where you are. Breadcrumb trails are often found near the top of Web pages and define both the current location within the site hierarchy as well as primary pages above the current page.

Cookie
A message given to a Web browser by a Web server. The browser stores the message in a text file. The message is then sent back to the server each time the browser requests a page from the server.

The main purpose of cookies is to identify users and possibly prepare customized Web pages for them. When you enter a Web site using cookies, you may be asked to fill out a form providing such information as your name and interests. This information is packaged into a cookie and sent to your Web browser which stores it for later use. The next time you go to the same Web site, your browser will send the cookie to the Web server. The server can use this information to present you with custom Web pages. So, for example, instead of seeing just a generic welcome page you might see a welcome page with your name on it.

Deep Linking
This is when you link to a page other than the homepage of a website.

Pay Per Click Advertising
Pay Per Click Advertising, or PPC, is an online advertising payment model in which the payment is based on the number of "clicks" that are generated. PPC can also be called "cost per click."

As an advertiser, here's how it works. You bid for certain keywords that are related to the content of your site (the information or products that you offer). When a user searches with these keywords in a search engine, they are shown your listing, as well as others that are bidding on the same keywords. If the user clicks on your listing, you pay the amount that you have bid. The highest bidding advertisers will appear first in the search results, and the subsequent listings are ranked by the amount of their bid.

Bids for keywords can be anything from a few cents to a few dollars per click. Part of managing a PPC advertising campaign well is determining how much needs to be spent per click in order to get a good balance between visibility (your listing showing on the first page of the search results) and the advertising budget.

Podcast
A podcast is a series of digital-media files, which are distributed over the Internet using syndication feeds for playback on portable media players and computers. The term podcast, like broadcast, can refer either to the series of content itself or to the method by which it is syndicated; the latter is also called podcasting. The host or author of a podcast is often called a podcaster.

RSS
RSS stands for "Really Simple Syndication". It is a way to easily distribute a list of headlines, update notices, and sometimes content to a wide number of people. It is used by computer programs that organize those headlines and notices for easy reading.

Search Engine Optimisation
This is the method of optimizing your website content, meta tags, linking structure, etc. in order to ensure good website rankings.

Social Bookmarking
Social bookmarking is a method for Internet users to store, organize, search, and manage bookmarks of web pages on the Internet with the help of metadata.

In a social bookmarking system, users save links to web pages that they want to remember and/or share. These bookmarks are usually public, and can be saved privately, shared only with specified people or groups, shared only inside certain networks, or another combination of public and private domains. The allowed people can usually view these bookmarks chronologically, by category or tags, or via a search engine.

Most social bookmark services encourage users to organize their bookmarks with informal tags instead of the traditional browser-based system of folders, although some services feature categories/folders or a combination of folders and tags. They also enable viewing bookmarks associated with a chosen tag, and include information about the number of users who have bookmarked them. Some social bookmarking services also draw inferences from the relationship of tags to create clusters of tags or bookmarks.

Social Networking
Social Networking means exactly the same thing online as it does offline. It is a social structure made up of relationships and links, whether strong or weak, to people we have something in common with. Apply this to the web and you have a series of websites where people gather to interact with other like-minded individuals. Just like offline social networking people are given a forum where they have the opportunity to meet others in a familiar environment, to chat, participate in events, combine temporarily to form sub-networks, create private networks or interact in public networks.

Wiki
A term meaning "quick" in Hawaiian, that is used for technology that gathers in one place a number of web pages focused on a theme, project, or collaboration. Wikis are generally used when users or group members are invited to develop, contribute, and update the content of the wiki. Wikis can be passworded in various ways to control or allow contributions. The most famous wiki is the Wikipedia.

The recent growth of Social Networking online has been seen in the proliferation of sites such as MySpace, Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, LinkedIn, Bebo, Flickr, Friends Reunited being among the more well known ones.

For more internet and computer related terms visit Webopedia, Internet Marketing Definitions or Wikipedia.

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